TABLE 1.

Summary of Preoperative HbA1c Guidance from Adjacent Surgical and Medical Specialties

Society/GuidelineSpecialtyHbA1c ThresholdKey Recommendation
ADA Standards of Care 2024–2025Endocrinology Surgery< 8.0%Target < 8% before elective procedures; individualize based on hypoglycemia risk
CPOC Elective Surgery Guideline 2023 (UK)Perioperative Medicine< 8.5% (69 mmol/mol)Recommend referral to diabetes specialist team if HbA1c ≥ 8.5% (69 mmol/mol); timing of elective surgery adjusted accordingly to permit preoperative optimization
ESC Non-Cardiac Surgery Guidelines 2022Cardiovascular SurgeryScreen; optimize preoperativelyClass 1 (Level B): HbA1c test recommended for all patients with diabetes or disturbed glucose metabolism before NCS; elective surgery postponed if HbA1c ≥ 69 mmol/mol (8.5%), if safe and practical
SAMBA Consensus Statement 2024 (Rajan et al., Anesth Analg.)AnesthesiologyNo HbA1c-based deferral threshold; day-of-surgery glucose is the operative metricNo postponement based on HbA1c alone; day-of-surgery point-of-care glucose measurement required; proceed if DKA/HHNS absent; intraoperative glucose target 180–250 mg/dL
ASPS Member Practice GuidelinesPlastic/Cosmetic Surgery≤ 7.0–7.5% preferredMany ASPS members prefer HbA1c ≤ 7.0%–7.5% for elective cosmetic procedures; multidisciplinary coordination required
Mohs/Dermatologic Surgery literatureDermatologic Surgery< 7.5–8.0% for elective proceduresPreoperative HbA1c recommended in all diabetic patients; HbA1c ≥ 7.8% associated with elevated wound complication risk in outpatient dermatologic procedures
Wong et al 2022 (meta-analysis)General/Abdominal SurgeryRisk increases > 6%–7%HbA1c > 7% associated with wound infection OR 1.21, indicating a 21% increase in odds of wound infection (95% Cl 1.08–1.36); risk begins to rise above 6%–7% baseline
Wound Healing Society Guidelines 2023Wound Care< 7.0% for optimal healingOptimizing glucose control improves wound healing outcomes in diabetic patients; chronic hyperglycemia is a central modifiable driver of impaired wound repair
  • ADA = American Diabetes Association; CPOC = Centre for Perioperative Care (UK); ESC = European Society of Cardiology; SAMBA = Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia; ASPS = American Society of Plastic Surgeons; WHS = Wound Healing Society